Benjamin p



I B. P. CRANDALL.

Childs Carriage.

Patented Dec. 28, 1869.

Illl llllllllll It! .or may restdirectly on the reaches.

dle said axle transversely, and has formed, on its upand,consequently,permits of a similar movement of.

I front wheels are permitted to" conform to theinequalthat swim strutGtjlilirr.

Letters Patent No. 98,351, dated member 28, 1869.

mrnovnmnzv'r m cnmmmn's camera The Schedule referred to in these LettersPatent and making p'u't oithe samc To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN P. CRANDALL, of the city, county, and Stateof New York, have 'invented a new and useful Improvement in ChildrensCarriages; and I do .hereby declare that the following is a full, clear,and exact descriptiouthereof, snfficient to enable others skilled intheart to which my invention appertains, to make and use the same,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of thisspecification, and in which- Figure 1 is a side view of a carriage,thelower portion being in section, as illustrative of my invention.

Figures 2, 3, 4, and 5, are views of detached parts, to be hereinafterreferred to.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the severalfigures. Q

My invention consists in so pivoting the front axle, that the wheelsthereof will conform to the inequali ties of the road, and, by means ofa suitable spring, said axle will always be kept steady and square.

In the drawings A may represent the body of a carriage; B, the frontwheels; 0, the hind wheels; and D, the reaches. which connect the frontand rear axles, E F; all pf which parts may be of general form andconstruction.

G G represent the springs, which are of, elliptic form, as seen in fig.4.

The ends of these springs are secured to longitudinal supports H, whichare connected to the sides or hottcmot' the body A.

The crown or centre of the front spring G rests on a cross-piece, a,which is supported on the reaches D,

1 The rear spring G rests on a casting, H, which is made forked, soas tostraddle the rear axle.

A bolt or pin passes through the crownof the spring G,' the casting H,and the rear axle, and thereby secures the spring in place, without theemployment of the ordinary clips.

J represents a casting or block of wood, which is pivoted to the front'axle. It is constructed to stradper side,- grooves or spaces it, whichfit or rest the forward ends of the reaches D.

The pivot 12 passes through the piece J, and the axle, and allows theaxle to vibrate in a vertical plane,

the front wheels. It will be seen, that in using the perambulator, the

ities of the pavements, streets, or roads on which they may travel, andyet are kept directly to the front.

I arrange aspring, K, within the piece J, and connect it thereto, or tothe reaches D, so that its two ends are free to point in oppositedirections, and bear against the front axle.

It will be seen, that all shocks or jars on the front wheels arereceived by the spring K,'and prevented from reaching the body A. Thespring also keeps the axle square. This is desirable in crossinggutters, holes, or ruts'.

In such cases, the hunt wheels andcorresponding parts of the carriageare lifted 'bodily from the ground. I

When they are returned, the wheels are caused to strike the groundfairly and squarely, and without .any shocks or jars.

The casting or block J may be dispensed with,'and, in lieu thereof, Icanemploy bars 0, shown in dotted lines, fig. 1. These bars are pivotedto thereaches and the front axle, and are adapted to allow theoscillation of the axle, in a manner similar to that already described.

Other devices may be employed for the same pnr pose, the object in allcases being to admit the axle to l.

' oscillate in a vertical plane, in order to cause its wheels to conformto the inequalities of the ground, and thereby retain thebody of thecarriage in a more horizom tal position than it assumes where theaxle-is rigid.

The spring -K.is auxiliary to the springs G G. It not only keeps thefront axle square, but assists the other springs to prevent shocks andjars reaching the body of the carriage.

Havingthus-described my invent-ion,

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a childs carriage, the combination, with the bearing to which thereach is immovably secured, of the front axle, pivoted to said bearing,substantially as and for the purpose described.

\Vitness'es J OHN .A. WIEDERSHEIM, WILLIE. J. PEYTON.

